No 1 2000 vol 4

ISSN 0284-3536

Inforsk, Department of Sociology, Umeå Universitet, SE- 901 87 Umeå, Sweden

Tel: +46-90-786 56 98

E-mail: olle.persson@soc.umu.se

Olle Persson

Using Swedish records from Science Citation Index (SCI-Compact Disc Edition) we can count papers by  institution. However, we must first standardize all Swedish addresses. Having done that we can identify the major actors and their interactions using co-authorships.

Within the university sector there are 10 major actors. Karolinska institute has the lead and as second comes Lund university followed by Uppsala and Gothenburg university. Middle sized universities comes next: Umea, Stockhom and Linköping university, the Swedish Agricultural University and the technical universities Royal Institute of Technology and Chalmers.

There are two major pharmaceutical firms, Astra and Pharmacia, both having a substantial output and they are ranked after the universities. They also produce more papers than the biggest Swedish research institutes, such as the former National Bacteriological Lab, Working Life institute (Arbetslivsinstitutet) and the Defense Research Institute (FOA), and much more than the former technical college in Luleå. Due to the dominance of medical papers in SCI we also find some major non-academic hospital on the list.

If we take a look on the co-authorship patterns we can see that most of the interaction goes on between the universities who form a rather close network among themselves (Figure 1). Close to the universities are the two main pharmaceutical actors Astra and Pharmacia. The upper part of the map is dominated by non-academic hospitals and other medical research organizations. The lower left part of the map includes the ABB company that has collaborations with the main technical universities. The lower right part shows connections between the Swedish Agricultural University and the National Veterinary Institute and the Swedish National Food Administration (Livsmedelsverket). To a considerable extent this map is dominated by actors in life science, which in turn can be explained by the dominance of medicine in SCI and in the Swedish research profile.
 

 Figure 1. Co-authorships among main organizations
Note: Circle areas are proportional to the number of papers. Lines and distances are approx. proportional to a normalized measure based on number of co-authorships (CCij) and number of papers by the interacting institutions (Ci and Cj) called the Saltons index: CCij/SquareRoot(Ci*Cj). The map coordinates were calculated using an Multi Dimensional Scaling algoritm of the Systat software, which takes the co-authorship values as input and transforms them into distances in a two dimensional space. Based on SCI-CDE downloads

Tabell 1  Papers by main organization 1986-1996
Note: Whole counts. Based on SCI-CDE download

 

Main organization	1986	1987	1988	1989	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996	Total
Karolinska Inst	2144	2193	2216	2211	2229	2223	2202	2490	2511	2793	2821	26033
Lund Univ	1671	1711	1903	1807	1883	1913	1987	2158	2271	2385	2301	21990
Uppsala Univ	1477	1577	1566	1455	1551	1581	1729	1903	1971	2055	2046	18911
Gothenburg Univ	1454	1410	1385	1198	1354	1313	1335	1482	1518	1602	1801	15852
Umea Univ	643	662	650	581	638	602	643	690	686	738	809	7342
Stockholm Univ	506	592	615	563	658	606	686	689	708	826	809	7258
Linkoping Univ	490	525	522	487	468	477	519	628	686	762	754	6318
Royal Inst Technol	355	356	422	404	401	509	493	553	729	719	837	5778
Swed Agr Univ (SLU)	356	439	440	448	457	496	490	643	640	675	609	5693
Chalmers Univ Technol	419	394	407	428	383	482	508	632	588	637	682	5560
Astra AB	324	266	251	209	291	215	215	172	217	231	201	2592
Pharmacia AB	164	191	152	152	173	203	146	190	155	171	167	1864
Malmo Hosp	307	304	118	99	105	126	122	114	120	194	214	1823
Natl Bacteriol Lab	139	138	138	132	118	133	138	101	48	12	7	1104
Orebro Hosp	51	77	86	59	49	67	78	92	95	95	100	849
Arbetslivsinstitutet	0	18	84	73	81	79	91	116	97	92	94	825
Lulea Univ Technol	26	30	29	52	39	54	63	80	94	85	103	655
FOA	50	48	47	43	50	54	39	39	47	41	54	512
Natl Vet Inst	26	45	42	39	37	34	33	33	54	45	50	438
Swedish Museum Nat Hist	19	28	32	35	28	42	42	50	40	59	49	424
Livsmedelsverket	31	17	29	31	34	42	40	32	33	35	42	366
Skovde Hosp	55	42	42	35	24	26	22	14	24	27	23	334
Landstinget Stockholm	15	24	36	27	37	35	32	49	35	8	13	311
Helsingborg Hosp	35	28	39	15	32	30	23	33	24	24	27	310
Jonkoping Hosp	23	31	26	20	18	23	24	31	25	44	34	299
Institutet For Rymdfysik	0	1	27	17	32	26	26	49	47	33	31	289
IVL	14	16	16	15	22	29	20	21	34	67	27	281
Primary Hlth Care Ctr	19	18	21	25	20	24	19	23	38	32	28	267
Socialstyrelsen	47	29	30	34	28	12	10	12	7	18	13	240
Falun Hosp	19	27	27	24	15	20	20	19	14	28	16	229
Naturvardsverket	23	17	39	21	28	25	19	16	9	20	7	224
Vasteras Hosp	18	23	23	22	22	21	9	20	18	13	27	216
ABB	17	8	16	21	20	15	23	27	23	19	24	213
Smittskyddsinstitutet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	8	51	66	82	207
Vardhogskola	7	9	7	13	6	21	24	23	23	31	43	207
St Goran Hosp	28	21	31	17	17	14	14	27	20	9	9	207
Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen	88	60	18	8	6	4	3	7	3	4	1	202